Background: To explore the range of standardised measures which have been used to profile arm function after stroke; from somatosensory function to sensorimotor function, arm use and participation.
Methods: Studies were included if they had a standardised measure of somatosensation of the upper limb, in combination with a standardised measure of sensorimotor function, arm use and/or participation. Ten databases were searched. Outcome measures were classified relative to the International Classification of Functioning continuum and somatosensory function was categorised according to which somatosensory modality was assessed.
Results: The scoping review included 393 studies. The majority of studies (75.3%) measured somatosensation and sensorimotor function only; 18.3% of studies included a measure of somatosensation, sensorimotor function and real-world arm use; and 3.6% of studies additionally included a measure of participation. For somatosensory modalities, 49.6% of studies evaluated tactile sensation, 39.7% measuredproprioception, 12.2% measured haptic object recognition, 28.8% utilised a test with two or more modalities summed, and 9.2% of studies used neurophysiological tests.
Conclusion: Whilst somatosensory function was commonly tested concurrently with a measure of observed sensorimotor function, somatosensation was not commonly tested with a measure of real-world arm use or participation. This may hinder a comprehensive understanding of how somatosensory impairments affect real-world activities and participation.