Background: Lifestyle changes after stroke can prevent recurrence, but are difficult to enact. A broadly focussed self-management intervention, combining goal setting and electronic messages, was evaluated in the Recovery-focused Community support to Avoid readmissions and improve Participation after Stroke (ReCAPS) trial.
Aim: To describe various factors associated with secondary prevention goal setting and attainment at 90 days post-randomisation.
Methods: Sub-study of a phase III randomised controlled trial. Eligibility: confirmed stroke, ≥18 years old, discharged home within 10-14 days, and mRS 0-4. Intervention: 12-weeks of goal-aligned and administrative messages; control: administrative messages only. Generalised linear models were used to determine the factors associated with the number and types of secondary prevention goals selected or attained (measured via Goal Attainment Scaling).
Results: Among 465 randomised participants, 390 (84%, median 67 years, 33% female) set at least one secondary prevention goal, mostly for increasing physical activity (27%) and controlling blood pressure (17%). Participants with prior stroke selected more prevention goals (incident rate ratio [IRR] 1.33, 95% CI 1.03–1.73, p=0.030), while older age was associated with selecting fewer goals (IRR=0.92, 95% CI 0.86–0.98, p=0.017). The intervention was associated with greater overall secondary prevention goal attainment (IRR=1.30, 95% CI 1.06–1.61, p=0.014). History of depression (IRR=0.62, 95% CI 1.12–1.76, p=0.003) and older age (IRR=0.89, 95% CI 0.82–0.97, p=0.008) were was associated with attaining fewer goals.
Conclusion: Goal setting for secondary prevention was feasible, and attainment may be enhanced by tailored electronic message support. Patient-level factors which impact attainment must be considered.